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In 1817, Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey was born a slave in Tuckahoe, Maryland. When he was only eight, he was sent to Baltimore to work for one of his master's relatives. He worked in a shipyard caulking wooden ships to make them watertight until 1838, when he ran away to New Bedford, Massachusetts, changing his name to Frederick Douglass to avoid capture. At first he found work in New Bedford as a caulker, but when other men refused to work beside a black, he took whatever work he could get, mostly collecting rubbish and digging cellars. When he gave a speech at a meeting of the Massachusetts Antislavery Society, he so impressed his audience that he was hired to lecture about his experiences as a slave. Douglass used his lecture earnings to aid fugitive slaves and also headed the Rochester station of the Underground Railroad. In 1845, he published The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an autobiography that revealed his master's identity and threatened the former slav...